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Research

Peer-reviewed studies on SR-17018

SR-17018 has been studied in the peer-reviewed scientific literature since 2017, primarily as a “G-protein-biased” mu-opioid receptor agonist. Below is a compiled reading list of those studies so readers, journalists, and officials can review the underlying research directly. These are independent publications; linking to them is not an endorsement of any specific conclusion, and animal or in-vitro findings are not clinical proof of human safety or efficacy.

  1. GTP release-selective agonists prolong opioid analgesic efficacy

    Stahl EL, Swanson MA, Dang VQ, Cameron MD, Kennedy NM, Bannister TD, et al. Nature (2025).

    GTP-release selectivity and sustained analgesic efficacy.

    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-09880-5  ·  PubMed: 41407861

  2. Activation of μ receptors by SR-17018 through a distinctive mechanism

    Singleton S, Dieterle C, Walker DJ, Runeberg T, Oswald AS, Rosenqvist G, et al. Neuropharmacology 258:110093 (2024).

    How SR-17018 activates the mu-opioid receptor differently from classic opioids.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110093  ·  PubMed: 39067665

  3. Reinforcing and respiratory effects of SR-17018

    Zamarripa CA, Pareek T, Pham LM, Blough BE, Schrock HM, Vallender EJ, et al. Psychopharmacology 241(12):2453–2469 (2024).

    Reinforcing (abuse-related) and respiratory effects in animal models.

    DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06690-x  ·  PubMed: 39333403

  4. Hyperactivity and combination effects of biased mu-opioid agonists

    Acevedo-Canabal A, Grim TW, Schmid CL, McFague N, Stahl EL, Kennedy NM, et al. Biomolecules 13(6):935 (2023).

    Locomotor and combination effects of biased agonists including SR-17018.

    DOI: 10.3390/biom13060935  ·  PubMed: 37371516

  5. Assessment of the respiratory depressant effects of biased mu-opioid agonists

    Hill R, Sanchez J, Lemel L, Antonijevic M, Hosking Y, Mistry SN, et al. British Journal of Pharmacology 180(24):3160–3174 (2023).

    Whether G-protein-biased agonists reduce respiratory depression.

    DOI: 10.1111/bph.16199  ·  PubMed: 37489013

  6. Molecular recognition of morphine and fentanyl by the human μ-opioid receptor

    Zhuang Y, Wang Y, He B, He X, Zhou XE, Guo S, et al. Cell 185(23):4361–4375 (2022).

    Structural biology of the mu-opioid receptor, referenced in SR-17018 work.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.09.041  ·  PubMed: 36368306

  7. Comparison of the addictive potential of biased mu-opioid agonists

    Kudla L, Bugno R, Podlewska S, Szumiec L, Wiktorowska L, Bojarski AJ, et al. Pharmaceutics 14(1):55 (2021).

    Addiction-related potential of biased agonists relative to morphine.

    DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010055  ·  PubMed: 35056950

  8. G protein signaling-biased mu opioid receptor agonists that produce sustained G protein activation are noncompetitive agonists

    Stahl EL, Schmid CL, Acevedo-Canabal A, Read C, Grim TW, Kennedy NM, et al. PNAS 118(48):e2102178118 (2021).

    Evidence that SR-17018 acts as a noncompetitive agonist.

    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2102178118  ·  PubMed: 34819362

  9. Comparison of morphine, oxycodone and the biased MOR agonist SR-17018 for tolerance and efficacy in mouse models of pain

    Pantouli F, Grim TW, Schmid CL, Acevedo-Canabal A, Kennedy NM, Cameron MD, et al. Neuropharmacology 185:108439 (2021).

    Tolerance and efficacy versus morphine and oxycodone in pain models.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108439  ·  PubMed: 33345829

  10. Low intrinsic efficacy for G protein activation can explain the improved side effect profiles of new opioid agonists

    Gillis A, Gondin AB, Kliewer A, Sanchez J, Lim HD, Alamein C, et al. Science Signaling 13(625):eaaz3140 (2020).

    Re-examines why biased agonists show improved side-effect profiles.

    DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaz3140  ·  PubMed: 32234959

  11. A G protein signaling-biased agonist at the μ-opioid receptor reverses morphine tolerance while preventing morphine withdrawal

    Grim TW, Schmid CL, Stahl EL, Pantouli F, Ho JH, Acevedo-Canabal A, et al. Neuropsychopharmacology 45(2):416–425 (2020).

    SR-17018 reversing morphine tolerance and preventing withdrawal in mice.

    DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0491-8  ·  PubMed: 31443104

  12. Bias Factor and Therapeutic Window Correlate to Predict Safer Opioid Analgesics

    Schmid CL, Kennedy NM, Ross NC, Lovell KM, Yue Z, Morgenweck J, et al. Cell 171(5):1165–1175 (2017).

    The original paper introducing and characterizing SR-17018.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.10.035  ·  PubMed: 29149605

This list was compiled from the reference section of the SR-17018 Wikipedia article and may not be exhaustive. Links point to the publishers and to PubMed; some full texts may be paywalled. Inclusion here is not an endorsement of any study's conclusions, and animal or laboratory findings are not clinical proof of safety or effectiveness in humans.

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